The essay “Not Yet: When Our Art Is in Our Hands” by Rebecca Schneider and Hanna Hölling has been translated into French

Rebecca Schneider’s and my chapter “Pas, encore. Quand notre art se trouve entre nos mains” — beautifully translated by Gauthier Lesturgie — has just appeared in the new French volume Les archives en performance, la performance en archive, edited by Ross Louis and Angola Rodionoff and published by Éditions Hermann, Paris.

We are overjoyed to hold it in our hands. A heartfelt thank you to the editors and everyone involved for bringing this dialogue on performance and archives into new linguistic and cultural territories.

The English version of the text is available as a part of the collected anthology Performance: The Ethics and the Politics of Conservation and Care (Routledge, 2023). It can also be accessed Open Access at this link.

Below we have provided an excerpt from the French publication.

Hanna Hölling : Dans un entretien avec Diana Taylor, il y a quelques années, vous expliquiez que les Performance Studies 2 pouvaient être considérées comme une mise en pratique des idées 3. J’aimerais réfléchir à deux aspects liés à cette prémisse, l’un étant la conservation de la performance, et l’autre, la performance de la conservation. La première, la conservation de la performance, appréhende la performance comme une sorte d’« objet destiné à la conservation ». La seconde, la performance de la conservation, applique l’outil des Performances Studies au dispositif de la conservation. Autrement dit, comment ces notions de conservation de la performance et de conservation en tant que performance pourraient-elles être mises en pratique ? 

Rebecca Schneider: Il est très intéressant que vous proposiez la conservation de la performance et la conservation en tant que performance comme deux manières d’envisager la question : comment les arts de la performance, ou tout autre art d’ailleurs, peuvent-ils perdurer ? Vous dites que la « conservation de la perfor-mance » considère les œuvres de performance comme des « objets à conserver ». Il est intéressant pour moi de réfléchir à la performance en tant qu’objet – bien que cela n’ait pas toujours été une perspective habituelle des Performance Studies. Cette approche s’inscrit assurément dans certaines réflexions, notamment dans la tradition Black Radical, comme l’étonnant travail de Fred Moten sur la « résistance de l’objet » dans In the Break : !e Aesthetics of the Black Radical Tradition 4. Une interrogation qui se pose pour moi quand je pense à la préservation est de savoir si la performance doit être abordée comme un objet afin de pouvoir être préservée ? Cela nous ramène à la question, désormais bien rebattue, qui s’est parfois posée dans le domaine des Performances Studies quant à la pertinence de la préservation, c’est-à-dire de savoir si les archives, la préservation et la performance sont antithé-tiques – mais laissons de côté cette question épineuse ici 5. Interrogeons simplement la performance en tant qu’objet. Si la performance peut être appréhendée comme un objet, de quel type d’objet s’agit-il ? Si je considère le geste comme un objet – tel que le geste de la main pour signifier « bonjour » – est-ce que je le perçois comme étant constitué de matière qui, en tant que telle, cohère à travers le temps ? Nous pourrions dire que cet objet gestuel est la chair et qu’il cohère ou se conserve à travers le temps grâce à la résurgence – la fameuse « itérabilité » de Marcel Mauss 6. Selon cette logique, la chair dans/en tant que performance peut être considérée comme un objet du fait de la répétition de son instanciation matérielle dans et à travers le temps. Sa capacité d’itération, qui correspond à celle de sa réitération, manifeste une sorte d’endurance que nous accordons généralement aux objets à la différence des actions vivantes et incarnées.

Mais il est évident que les corps sont matériels et, à l’instar d’autres objets (comme les marchandises), ont été rendus fongibles et soumis à la déshumanisation (le rapport binaire humain/chose et son histoire raciale constituent un problème particulièrement néfaste qui perpétue les séquelles de l’esclavage, de l’impérialisme et du capitalisme actuels du Plantationocène partout où il va, et rend certains corps plus précaires que d’autres 7). Une chose qui m’intéresse dans l’approche de la performance en tant qu’objet, c’est la question non seulement des différents coûts charnels de la qualité d’objet, mais aussi celle des différentes échelles de temps. Si nous pouvons envisager la performance comme un objet, attribuant à l’itérabilité une sorte de matérialité, et si nous pouvons reconnaître un signe de la main (le mien, le vôtre) comme un objet fait de chair qui se répète et ne se fige pas nécessaire-ment dans un corps souverain mais qui bondit à travers les corps au cours du temps, notre geste commence-t-il à avoir un rapport avec d’autres objets matériels qui cohèrent ou sont reconnaissables comme des objets au sein d’un monde d’objets présents et inscrits dans le temps ? Pour considérer la performance en tant qu’objet, il nous faut probablement recourir à des échelles de temps et à des matériaux itératifs variables. Après tout, l’itérabilité, et l’endurance à travers une sorte de cohérence matérielle, ne concerne-t-elle pas en quelque sorte tous les objets ? Tous les objets, matérialisés, cohèrent et se décomposent et éventuellement se recohèrent à des rythmes temporels différents. Si l’on admet cela, peut-on affirmer que tous les objets, comme mon geste, mais aussi comme un artefact tel que la Vénus de Willendorf, s’engagent sur le terrain de jeu d’apparition/disparition/réapparition qui caractérise la performance ? Peut-être que la question que je me posais était de savoir si tous les objets, dans une certaine mesure, cohèrent selon une logique de performance ? Tous les objets ne relèvent-ils pas de l’art temporel (sans vouloir aucunement dire que tous les objets, et toutes les incarnations, sont les mêmes) ?

Hanna Hölling: Vous avez soulevé des questions extrêmement importantes. À mon avis, reformuler la performance comme « un objet conservable » peut nous aider à la situer au sein d’une longue tradition d’objets qui ont été conservés, sans nécessairement impliquer un statut objectal ou matériel de la performance, ou ce que vous qualifiez ailleurs de détritus de la performance 8 – un amoncellement de matière qui se compose non seulement du fragment soigneusement préservé, mais aussi du dépôt, du sédiment ou des débris involontaires. Mais les spécialistes de l’histoire de la conservation pourraient reconnaître dans l’« objet de la conservation » non seulement la longue tradition de raccommodage et de réparation de biens matériels comme les statues, les tableaux, les fresques et les chaises, mais aussi l’objet de l’analyse scientifique et des études matérielles qui, à la fin du -%-e siècle, ont contribué à faire de la restauration, non plus un artisanat, mais une science quasi exacte. Des développements importants ont eu lieu au –e siècle, au cours duquel les premières théories relatives à la conservation ont été formulées par des spécialistes des sciences humaines tant au sein qu’en dehors de la profession. Aujourd’hui, dans sa pluralité, sa diversité et sa socialité, la conservation est comprise à la fois comme un discours et une pratique socio-technologique qui s’intéresse à la matière temporelle et relationnelle. En tant qu’activité épistémique et de production de connaissances, la conservation positionne l’« objet de la conservation » comme un « objet épistémique », fruit de pratiques matérielles et technologiques qui en assurent la continuité 9. Pour les spécialistes de l’histoire des sciences, les objets épistémiques sont soumis à une évolution continue, marquée par un potentiel indéfini. En tant qu’objet épistémique, l’objet de la conservation a la capacité de se doter continuellement de nouvelles propriétés et de se modifier. Ainsi, ces objets ne peuvent jamais être pleinement eux-mêmes. En effet, les objets sur lesquels la connaissance ne peut être complètement acquise ne sont pas des objets, mais plutôt des processus, ou des performances, qui se développent et changent au fil du temps 10.

Vous avez également évoqué l’idée qu’un objet se cohère ou se répète selon des échelles de temps différentes. On peut penser à un objet comme à une lente performance, et à une performance comme à un objet qui se produit rapidement et qui, comme vous le proposez de manière convaincante, se cohère et se décom-pose à des rythmes divers de résolution/dissolution. La division proposée par Gotthold Ephraim Lessing entre l’art spatial (par exemple, la peinture) et l’art temporel (par exemple, la musique 11) est une fois de plus mise à mal : l’art spatial possède des qualités similaires à l’art temporel, et pourrait être considéré comme lent plutôt que rapide. En outre, une telle conception temporelle nous permet d’identifier la relation active et passive de l’œuvre avec le temps, et les différentes manières dont les médias subissent des changements. Les œuvres d’art liées ac ti-vement au temps, telles que les installations multimédias, les performances et les événements, connaissent des changements plus rapides ; les œuvres plus lentes, telles que la peinture et la sculpture, réagissent au temps de manière passive, ce qui se manifeste par la dégradation, la décomposition et le vieillissement progressifs, mais constants de leurs matériaux physiques. Les objets et les actions apparaissent, encore et encore, comme une modulation et une condensation de la matière qui rayonne/se meut à un rythme variable. Mais j’aimerais que nous réfléchissions davantage à la notion de geste.

Joining Collegium Helveticum, Institute for Advanced Study Zürich as a Senior Fellow!

I am thrilled and honored to be joining Collegium Helveticum, Institute for Advanced Study supported by ETH Zurich, the University of Zurich, and the Zurich University of the Arts as a Senior Fellow!

Com&Com (Johannes Hedinger and Marcus Gossolt), Baum #7, Weiertal, 2025.

While at the Collegium, I will work on a research project titled Caring for Naturecultures , which reconceptualizes the conservation of art and culture as a practice of care, and places it in dialogue with the preservation of natural environments. Centering on “conservation objects” as natureculture hybrids, the project frames care as an expanded and ethical engagement with more-than-human worlds. The term natureculture signals the mutual co-constitution and entanglement of nature and culture, challenging the Western dichotomy that separates human activity (culture) from the natural world.

Engaging with feminist philosophies and care ethics—which define care as “everything we do to maintain, continue, and repair our world so that we may live in it as well as possible”—I interrogate the hierarchies, dependencies, and exclusions embedded in conventional understandings of care and conservation. In doing so, my project further unsettles long-standing binaries underpinning conservation discourse: nature/culture, subject/object, practice/theory, and tradition/innovation.

Caring for Naturecultures poses fundamental questions: What is the “thing” we preserve—how, why, and for whom? And what visions of futurity guide conservation and care for naturecultures in the face of impending environmental breakdown?

Drawing inspiration from Bernard Stiegler’s call to “think care-fully,” the project positions care as essential to sustaining life and cultivating coexistence with other beings. Crucially, it reimagines conservation as a critical, care-driven practice.

For more information, follow this link.

Critical Conservation receives support from the Swiss Research Council

We are thrilled to announce that the Swiss Research Council will be supporting our new four-year research initiative, Critical Conservation.

Critical Conservation redefines conservation as a critical practice, theorizing it as a discursive, pluricultural, decolonial and epistemic activity shaped by politics, conventions, education, the economy and institutions. Emerging from the critical-reflective developments of recent decades, Critical Conservation seeks to engage with and learn from present-day communities of practice, including traditional knowledge holders, makers, artisans and craftsmen, broadly defined, who have historically been positioned outside the expert domain of professional and scholarly conservation in the West. Through transversal conservation, the project fosters transtemporal dialogue, bringing together separate fields of practice that often operate in the silos of their specialisms. Finally, it explores experimental conservation as a means to envision our discipline’s possible futures.

The idea for this project derived in part from the essay “The Technique of Conservation: On Realms of Theory and Cultures of Practice” (2017) and in part from research and writing on the fringes of current initiatives. I am excited to deepen our expertise and engagement with critical, contemporary approaches to the field, working alongside a dedicated team. The projected start of the initiative is the beginning of 2026.

The second volume of Performance: The Ethics and the Politics of Conservation and Care has been published!

I am pleased to announce that the second and final volume of our series on performance conservation has seen the daylight from Routledge. The book is available Open Access from November 2024 and since a few weeks, also as a hard cover.

Representing the output of the research project “Performance: Conservation, Materiality, Knowledge,” this volume brings together diverse voices, methods, and formats in the discussion and practice of performance conservation.

Conservators, artists, curators and scholars explore the ontology of performance art through its creation and institutionalization into an astonishing range of methods and approaches for keeping performance alive and well, whether inside museum collections or through folk traditions. Anchored in the disciplines of contemporary art conservation, art history, and performance studies, the contributions range far beyond these to include perspectives from anthropology, musicology, dance, law, heritage studies, and other fields. While its focus is on performance as understood in the context of contemporary art, the book’s notion of performance is much wider, including other media such as music, theater, and dance as well as an open-ended concept of performance as a vital force across culture(s).

While providing cutting-edge research on an emerging and important topic, this volume remains accessible to all interested readers, allowing it to serve as a singularly valuable resource for museum professionals, scholars, students, and practitioners.

With contributing authors: Amelia Jones, Michaela Schäuble, Thomas Gartmann, Philip Auslander, Puwai Cairns, Black Art Conservators Valinda Carroll, Kayla Henry-Griffin, Nylah Byrd and Ariana Makau, Brandie MacDonald, Sandra Sykora, Rosanna Raymond, Urmimala Sarkar Munsi, Dorota Gawęda and Eglė Kulbokaitė, Gisela Hochuli, Joanna Lesnierowska, Ido Feder and the editors, Emilie Magnin, Jules Pelta Feldman and Hanna B. Hölling.

For more details, visit Publisher Link or read the book freely available via Open Access.

Natureculture Lab, a global think tank


January 27-29, 2025 | Institute of Materiality in Art and Culture | HKB Bern Academy of the Arts

We are calling for participation in this Lab from individuals from the Global South, especially those who belong to underrepresented groups and are in the early phases of their careers (e.g., PhD candidates or recent postdocs). See below for the description and specifics of the call.


This international workshop aims to bring together in a hybrid format experts and practitioners of conservation in two domains: on the one hand, art and cultural heritage conservation; and on the other hand, nature conservation. Except for singular activities, these two communities have rarely if at all communicated. This is highly remarkable especially considering recent developments both in art conservation and nature conservation. In both domains the “things”, “items”, “objects” or “sites” conservators and conservationists care for are increasingly recognized as natureculture hybrids. While art conservation, especially in its earlier guise of restoration, primarily considered artworks as the outcome of human—and especially the artist’s—intentions, the field of art conservation has increasingly recognized that the materials of artworks undergo unintentional, and sometimes unexpected, changes and are subject to loss and decay well outside human control. At the other end, while inspired by ideas of pristine wilderness, nature conservation in its earliest instances was primarily geared towards the establishment of national parks and nature reserves fortified against human intervention, conservationists have come to value humans as inherent to the ecosystems they care for. Given that the “things” and “sites” for which (art) conservators and (nature) conservationists hold responsibility are interplays of human and non-human agencies and thus nature-culture hybrids, both fields and communities consider ontologically similar objects, and should exchange views.

The workshop will explore questions such as, How should conservation practices in both nature and art be redefined in light of the inevitable and sometimes desirable changes to the material make-up of objects, landscapes and environments? How can new conservation theories that embrace change and transformation, particularly those emerging from contemporary art, inform and reshape traditional conservation approaches that prioritize permanence and stability? Who gets to decide where and how conservation occurs, considering the historical silencing and displacement of human voices in both ecological restoration and cultural heritage conservation? How can the field of conservation expand beyond top-down expert models to embrace decolonizing community engagement, thereby raising questions about the future role of experts?

The current global challenges of the climate, environmental and, in parts of the globe, humanitarian crisis create a strong urgency to intensify the exchange between the fields of art and nature conservation. To cope with these challenges, nature and culture heritage conservation requires alternative ontologies and distinct epistemologies. Ontologically, both fields require approaches that can deal with change and the dynamics accelerated by the climate crisis. Epistemologically, both fields need to develop more inclusive models of decision-making, in their turn, questioning the role of experts in conservation. This workshop will bring these two communities together not because we are under the assumption that one field has the solutions to the problems the other field is confronted with, but because both fields confront similar problems. Rather than transferring ready-made solutions from the domain of art and culture to nature, or vice versa, and simply having one community learn from the other, the workshop will offer a platform for both communities to learn together and progress facing the global challenges mentioned above. 

The confirmed contributors for this workshop are Lotte Arndt, Jackob Badcock, Marjolijn Bol, Josephine Ellis, Noémie Étienne, Sven Dupré, Rodney Harrison, Hanna B. Hölling, Laura J. Martin, Maeva Pimo, Christian Rosset, Friederike Schäfer, Anna Schäffler, Peter Schneemann, Yvonne Schmidt and Glenn Wharton.

We also invite applications from individuals in the Global South, particularly those from underrepresented groups and at early career stages (PhD candidates or early postdocs), to participate in our workshop. Participants may contribute by delivering a short presentation and/or joining discussion groups focused on the aforementioned themes. A subsidy of CHF 1,000 is available to support travel and accommodation for four in-person participants. The workshop and application process will be conducted in English.

Please apply by November 3, 2024, by submitting the following: 1. A motivation letter (maximum 2 pages) detailing your interest in participating in the workshop and a brief research statement explaining how the workshop would benefit your current research 2. A CV (maximum 5 pages), including a list of publications.

Natureculture Lab has been organized by Hanna B. Hölling (HKB Bern Academy of the Arts) and Sven Dupré (Utrecht University/University van Amsterdam) with the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation Scientific Exchanges Grant, the Bern University of Applied Science Network Grant and the Institute Materiality in Art and Culture at HKB Bern Academy of the Arts.

Access the full call for participation here.

Research Festival and Exhibition “Conserving Performance: Performing Conservation”

This is a first glimpse into the schedule for a long-awaited research festival and exhibition, “Conserving Performance: Performing Conservation,” which is currently in its final planning phase by the members of the project Performance: Conservation, Materiality, Knowledge. The events, which also mark the conclusion of the research project, will take place in venues across Switzerland from September 14 to September 29, 2024.

Please save the dates and join us this fall at Tanzhaus Zürich, ADC Genève, Aargauer Kunsthaus, Muséee cantonal des Beaux-Arts Lausanne/PLATEFORME 10, Dampfzentrale Bern and HKB Bern.

With speakers: Sara Wookey, Megan Metcalf, Peter Pleyer, Catja Loepfe, Declan Whitaker, Florence Jung, Simona Ciuccio, Cori Olighouse, Thomas Plischke, Eszter Salamon, Rachel Mader, Eszter Salamon, Saša Asentić, Nina Mühlemann, Rebecca Gordon, Sabine Gebhardt Fink, Muda Mathis, Andrea Saemann, Dorothea Rust, Chris Regn, Gisela Hochuli, Tabea Lurk, Julia Asperska, Joanna Leśnierowska, Andrej Mirčev, Emilie Magnin and Hanna Hölling. 

Follow this link for a preliminary schedule.

My new essay “Notation and Eternity” published in Nam June Paik: I Expose the Music, by Spector Books

My essay titled “Notation and Eternity in Symphonie No. 5 and Liberation Sonata for Fish” has been recently published in the exquisite new catalog, Nam June Paik: I Expose the Music, by Spector Books. This catalog serves as a companion piece to the exhibition of the same name, currently being showcased at the Museum Ostwall at the Dortmunder U in Germany. The exhibition highlights the pioneering work of video artist Nam June Paik, emphasizing live moments and musical aspects that defined his artistic journey. The exhibit is curated by Rudolf Frieling from SFMOMA, in close partnership with the Museum Ostwall.

In this essay, I aim to analyze the concept of eternity in Nam June Paik’s Symphonie Nr. 5 and Liberation Sonata for Fish, by exploring their formal and conceptual layers. Paik’s scores offer insights into the numerous possibilities for their interpretation, based on his objectual and textual instructions. Moreover, the materiality of the scores’ form is highlighted as a complex assemblage of constantly evolving matter. Through this analysis, the scores’ material condition presents an ontology of openness and indeterminacy, while also portraying a material-bound aesthetic of decay that may suggest finitude or closure. Throughout this essay, I will explore these themes and offer insights into Paik’s artistic vision.

You can download my essay here in English and here in German

The catalog is available for purchase at Spector Books here.

Open Access Publication Grant for the anthology on performance conservation!

How many books can I read? - The Statesman

We are delighted to announce that our forthcoming anthology, Performance: The Ethics and Politics of Conservation and Care, has been granted funds by the Swiss National Foundation to cover the Open Access processing fees. Published by Routledge, the book will be available in hardback, paperback, and e-book formats this summer. For a sneak peek, check out some key details and a brief summary of the book.

Performance: The Ethics and the Politics of Conservation and Care

This book focuses on performance and performance-based artworks as seen through the lens of conservation, which has long been overlooked in the larger theoretical debates about whether and how performance remains.

Unraveling the complexities involved in the conservation of performance, Performance: The Ethics and the Politics of Conservation and Care (vol. 1) brings this new understanding to bear in examining performance as an object of study, experience, acquisition, and care. In so doing, it presents both theoretical frameworks and functional paradigms for thinking about—and enacting—the conservation of performance. Further, while the conservation of performance is undertheorized, performance is nevertheless increasingly entering the art market and the museum, meaning that there is an urgent need for discourse on how to care for these works long-term. In recent years, a few pioneering conservators, curators, and scholars have begun to create frameworks for the long-term care of performance. This volume presents, explicates, and contextualizes their work so that a larger discourse can commence. It will thus serve the needs of conservation students and professors, for whom literature on this subject is sorely needed.

This interdisciplinary book thus implements a novel rethinking of performance that will challenge and revitalize its conception in many fields, such as art history, theater, performance studies, heritage studies, and anthropology.

With chapter contributions by Pip Laurenson, Rebecca Schneider with Hanna Hölling, Gabriella Giannachi, Helia Marcal, Shadreck Chirikure, Iona Goldi-Scott, Brian Castriota with Claire Welsh, Farris Wabeh, Kelli Morgan, Kongo Astronauts (Eléonore Hellio and Michel Ekeba), Dread Scott, Karolina Wilczyńska, Megan Cori Olinghouse with Megan Metcalf, Erin Brannigan and Louise Lawson, Cauleen Smith and Jacob Badcock.

Editors: Hanna B. Hölling, Jules Pelta Feldman and Emilie Magnin

The book has emerged from the collaborative research project, Performance: Conservation, Materiality, Knowledge, situated at the Bern University of Applied Sciences – Academy of the Arts and supported by the Swiss National Fund.

Book Presentation: Object-Event-Performance

Wednesday, February 22, 2023, 5 p.m. CET / 11 a.m. EST

The SNSF research project Performance: Conservation, Materiality, Knowledge, in collaboration with the SNSF research project Activating Fluxus, is pleased to host a public presentation of the book titled  Object-Event-Performance: Art, Materiality, and Continuity Since the 1960s (2022; ed. by Hanna B. Hölling). The event will take place within the Research Wednesday seminar series.

Much of the artwork that rose to prominence in the second half of the twentieth century took on novel forms—such as installation, performance, event, video, film, earthwork, and intermedia works with interactive and networked components—that pose a new set of questions about what art actually is, both physically and conceptually. For conservators, this raises an existential challenge when considering what elements of these artworks can and should be preserved.   This event features a book that revisits the traditional notions of conservation and museum collecting that developed over the centuries to suit a conception of art as static, fixed, and permanent objects. Conservators and museum professionals increasingly struggle with issues of conservation for works created from the mid-twentieth to the twenty-first century that are unstable over time. As participants in conservation, the contributors to this volume—often non-conservators—form a community of practice that share common interests.

Speakers include: Hannah B Higgins, Gregory Zinman, Andrea Gyorody and Megan Metcalf. Moderator: Jules Pelta Feldman.

The book asks what it means to conserve artworks that fundamentally address and embody the notion of change and, through this questioning, guide us to reevaluate the meaning of art, of objects, and of materiality itself.  Object-Event-Performance considers a selection of post-1960s artworks that have all been chosen for their instability, changeability, performance elements, and processes that pose questions about their relationship to conservation practices. With chapters by Hannah B Higgins, Hanna B. Hölling, Gregory Zinman, Andrea Gyorody, Alison D’Amato, Megan Metcalf, Rebecca Uchill, Susanne Neubauer, Beryl Graham and Johannes Hedinger, this book aims to become a welcome resource on contemporary conservation for art historians, scholars of performance, dance, theater and museum studies, curators, and conservators.

The book has been published by Bard Graduate Center, within the series Cultural Histories of the Material World (series editor: Peter Miller) and is available from the University of Chicago Press (PDF and cloth).